ITEM P-620
PAVEMENT MARKING
DESCRIPTION
620-1.1 This item shall consist of preparing the surface and the painting of numbers, markings and stripes on the surface of runways, and taxiways in accordance with these specifications and at the locations shown on the drawings, or as directed by the Engineer.
MATERIALS
620-2.1 The Contractor shall furnish manufacturer's certified test reports for materials shipped to the project. The certified test reports shall include a statement that the materials meet the specification requirements. The reports can be used for material acceptance or the Engineer may perform verification testing. The reports shall not be interpreted as a basis for payment. The Contractor shall ship materials in sealed containers and notify the Engineer upon arrival of a shipment of materials to the site. The Engineer shall draw 1 quart samples of each batch, including glass beads.
620-2.2 Paint shall meet the requirements of Federal Specification TT-P-1952D, Type I or II. Type II is to be used in environments with high humidity and/or high traffic where tracking of the paint is a concern.
620-2.3 Glass beads shall meet the requirements of Federal Specification TT-B-1325C, Type I (low index 1.5 IOR), III (high index 1.9 IOR) or Type IV (low index 1.5 IOR - "big beads"). If Type IV beads are specified, they must be used in conjunction with the High Build Acrylic Coating that can be applied at 90 SF/gal. TT-P-1952D should not be applied over 100 SF/gal.
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
620-3.1 The painting shall be performed only when the surface is dry and when the surface temperature is above 45 degrees F and rising. A lower temperature based on paint manufacturer's printed recommendations may be permitted when approved by the Engineer. Do not paint when wind displaces paint spray or glass beads or when surface is damp.
620-3.2 All equipment for the work shall be approved by the Engineer and shall include the apparatus necessary to properly clean the pavement surface, a mechanical marking machine, and such auxiliary hand-painting equipment as may be necessary to satisfactorily complete the job.
The mechanical marker shall be an atomizing spray-type marking machine suitable for application of traffic paint. It shall produce an even and uniform film thickness at the required coverage and shall apply markings of uniform cross sections and distinct edges without running or spattering and without over spray. A wind screen or shroud shall be used on the machine to prevent displacement of materials by wind.
620-3.3 SURFACE PREPARATION
Immediately before application of the paint, the surface shall be dry and free from dirt, grease, oil, laitance, rubber, saw cuttings, loose paint or other foreign material which would reduce the bond between the paint and the pavement. The area to be painted shall be cleaned by water blasting, sandblasting or other mechanical means to be followed by vacuuming, sweeping or blowing with compressed air to remove all loose particles. Surface preparation shall include all requirements set forth in the paint manufacturer's printed instructions. In areas where existing pavement markings do not conform to the new layout, existing markings shall be removed in accordance with Item S-190 or per the Engineer's instructions.
620-3.4 If the existing markings to be repainted are not properly aligned per plans and specifications, the affected markings shall be laid out as shown on the drawings. Control points shall be spaced at such intervals as will ensure accurate location of all markings. The Contractor shall provide an experienced technician to supervise the location, alignment, layout, dimensions and application of the paint.
620-3.5 Paint shall be applied at the locations and to the dimensions and spacing shown on the drawings. Paint shall not be applied until the Engineer has approved the layout and condition of the surface. The paint shall be mixed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and applied to the pavement with a marking machine at the rate of 115 square feet per gallon. Glass beads shall be applied at a minimum rate of 7 pounds per gallon of paint for Type I beads, 12 pounds per gallon of paint for Type III beads, and 8 pounds per gallon for Type IV beads. The addition of thinners will not be permitted. A period of time to allow adequate curing of the pavement surface shall elapse between placement of a bituminous surface course and application of the permanent paint. This curing period shall be as recommended in writing by the manufacturer of the paint, generally a minimum of 30 days. Temporary markings can be applied to new asphalt pavement within the curing period at half coverage rate without glass beads, both to seal the pavement and to provide markings for airport operations. The edges of the markings shall not vary from a straight line more than 1/2 inch in 50 feet, and the dimensions shall be within tolerances as outlined in the table below.
| Dimension and Spacing Tolerance | |
| 36 inches (910 mm) or less | +/- 1/2 inch (12 mm) |
| greater than 36 inches to 6 feet (910 mm to 1.85 m) | +/- 1 inch (25 mm) |
| greater than 6 feet to 60 feet (1.85 m to 18.3 m) | +/- 2 inches (51 mm) |
| greater than 60 feet (18.3 m) | +/- 3 inches (76 mm) |
Glass beads shall be distributed upon the marked areas immediately after application of the paint. A dispenser shall be furnished which is properly designed for attachment to the marking machine and suitable for dispensing glass beads. Glass beads shall be applied at the specified rate. Bead dispensers shall be calibrated at the beginning of the project to the proper flow rate and monitored throughout the course of the project to ensure proper bead coverage. Retroreflectivity readings shall be taken at the beginning and the end of each day on markings applied that day. With Type I glass beads, readings should be 200-400 millacandelas per square meter per lux for white and 150-300 for yellow. With Type III glass beads, readings should be 700-1300 for white and 350-900 for yellow. Type IV glass beads should have initial readings of 350-600 for white and 200-400 for yellow. Glass beads shall adhere to and be properly embedded in the cured paint or all marking operations shall cease until corrections are made. A night inspection of the markings is advisable to check for uniform reflectivity of the markings. All emptied containers shall be returned to the paint storage area for checking by the Engineer. The containers shall not be removed from the airport or destroyed until authorized by the Engineer.
620-3.6 DEFECTIVE WORKMANSHIP OR MATERIAL When any material not conforming to the requirements of the specifications or drawings has been delivered to the project or incorporated in the work, or any work performed is of inferior quality, such defective material or work shall be corrected as directed by the Engineer, at the expense of the Contractor. Contractor shall provide a one-year warranty on all pavement markings applied.
METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
620-4.1 The quantity of surface preparation performed shall be paid per square foot.
620-4.2 The quantity of permanent pavement markings to be paid for shall be the number of square feet of painting performed in accordance with the specifications and accepted by the Engineer.
BASIS OF PAYMENT
620-5.1 Payment shall be made at the contract unit price per square foot for surface preparation performed prior to the application of the pavement markings. This price shall be full compensation for furnishing all equipment and disposal costs associated with this item.
620-5.2 Payment shall be made at the contract unit price per square foot for pavement marking. This price shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials, including glass beads, and for all labor, equipment, tools and incidentals necessary to complete the item.
Payment will be made under:
Item P-620-5.1 Surface Preparation ........................per square foot
Item P-620-5.2 Pavement Markings ..........................per square foot
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
Federal Specification TT-P-1952 Paint, Traffic and Airfield Marking, Waterborne
Federal Standard 595 Colors used in government procurement